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Scientists and their work


Michel Faraday, Electricity and Magnetism.
Earlier electricity and magnetism were considered to be two different subjects, but it was by the efforts of Faraday whose experiments showed the linkage between the two and brings them under one roof. The two names get fused under one known as Electromagnetism. Faraday was a British physicist and a chemist born on 22 September 1791 in Newington Butts now part of London. He contributed significantly to the subjects of electrochemistry and electromagnetism.
Faraday

Some historians of science consider him as the greatest personality in the history of science. S.I unit of capacitance “farad” is name after him. By his experimentation in the field of electromagnetism he draws a law named after him known as Faraday’s law of induction which states that a magnetic field changing in time in time creates a proportional magnetic field. Unlike other scientists Michel Faraday having only the most basic schools of education. He had worked at the book binding store where he read books, he had educated himself with such a hard work and passion.
 Faraday is remembered for his work with electricity and magnetism, his very first experiment was the construction of voltaic pile. Faraday studied the magnetic field around a current carrying conductor (D.C.) where he established the basis for the electromagnetic concept in physics. From his Electromagnetic discovery Faraday continued his laboratory work , exploring various properties of material and developing the experience.  In 1824 Faraday set up a circuit to study the properties of magnetic field that whether they could regulate the flow of current in the wire placed near to a magnet, but he failed to find any relationship. It was in 1831 he began his series of experiment and discovered the electromagnetic induction. Faraday’s break through came from an experiment where he wrapped two iron rings with an insulated copper wire and allowing current to pass through one of them, which induced a momentary current in another coil. This phenomenon was named mutual induction. In another subsequent experiments he demonstrate that by changing magnetic fields in a loop ,current flowed in it, he did it by moving a magnet through a loop. Apart from this he also performs experiments investigating the fundamental nature of electricity. He used static batteries and animal electricity to produce  concept of magnetism, electrolysis and electrostatic  attraction. He insisted that the scientific opinion of time and the divisions between the various kinds of electricity were illusion and only single electricity exists. He also highlights the relationship between the  light rays and magnetism stating that magnetism could affect the light rays.

 Near the end of his carrier he proposed that electromagnetic forces extend themselves into the space around the conductor, but this idea was rejected by his contemporaries. His ideas were so clean and in a simple language but his mathematical abilities were limited to simple algebra and not to higher mathematics  that is to trigonometry or integration. Faraday was a brilliant experimentalist. His work was taken by the other scientists like James Clerk Maxwell who consolidate his work with a set of equation that lay the base of modern theory of electromagnetism.  

Mohammad monis.
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